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This file deals with some aspects of the Bessler principle including:  altered nuclear magnetic moments, sharing of internal angular momentum, power production in celestial bodies, and the lifetimes of stars.

Greatly Altered Nuclear Magnetic Moments.  A normal proton has a nuclear magnetic moment of about +2.8 nuclear magnetons.  More precisely, a normal proton has a large nuclear magnetic moment of +2.79278 nuclear magnetons.  See p. B-247 of the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 52nd Edition 1971-1972.  As a proton rotates more about a horizontal axis due to the Bessler principle, this would mean that a somewhat positively charged nuclear sphere is rotating more about an internal horizontal axis.  This would cause an extra magnetic moment to be generated.  This could alter the nuclear magnetic moment normally associated with the proton (or associated with the normal internal rotation of charged material within the proton).  Because of the Bessler principle, the nuclear magnetic moment of the proton can be greatly altered, as corrected by the additional magnetic moment.  In general, because of the Bessler principle, any rapidly rotating nuclear ground state could have a much different nuclear magnetic moment than its normal value associated with the nuclear ground state not rotating much as a whole.

Disruption/Sharing of Internal Angular Momentum.  Deep in the interior of the sun there would be more interaction between nuclei.  This is because the material is more compact or compressed.  Any nuclear ground state rotating about a horizontal axis could have its axis or rotation disturbed by nearby rapidly moving nuclear ground states containing nuclear magnetic moments.  If nuclear ground states were not moving relative to each other, then there could be a sharing of angular momentum by a variety of methods.  A rapidly rotating nuclear ground state could lose some angular speed when an electron interacts with it.  Though less likely, a photon could interact with a rotating nuclear ground state and carry away some of the rotational kinetic energy previously within the ground state nucleus.  Changing magnetic fields or interactions between the nuclear magnetic moments of rotating nuclear ground states could alter individual internal angular velocities of rotating nuclear ground states.  These processes could disrupt ground state rotations of the nuclei.  In particular, there could be less angular speed about a horizontal axis.  This would mean that less power would be produced there by the Bessler principle.  The notion of horizontal is respect to the incoming gravitons.  If many nuclear ground states are rotating together (with nearly common angular velocity) then they could all acquire extra internal kinetic energy from the Bessler principle, assuming there enough effective gravitons available for absorption.

Cooler Darker Sunspots.  The sunspots may be considered as viewing holes through the photosphere.  See 'Note on "Thermo" Nuclear Fusion' by Renzo Boscoli, Infinite Energy, Vol. 5, Issue 27, September 1999 - October 1999, pp. 13-26.  The sunspots are slightly closer to the interior of the sun than the photosphere, but the sunspots are neither hotter nor brighter than the photosphere.  See PhysicsSummaryNews.txt for example.  The sunspots are both cooler and darker than the photosphere.  Strong vertical magnetic fields in the sunspots cause the nuclei there to only rotate about vertical axes.  Any induced net magnetic moments associated with any internal angular velocity would need to cause them to align with the strong vertical magnetic fields.  This prohibits the nuclei there from rotating much about horizontal axes and thus those nuclei can't obtain much power from the Bessler principle.

Intermediate Temperature Photosphere.  The temperatures in the photosphere are associated with only about 6000 degrees K because of intermediate ground state rotation interference between the nuclei there.  The temperatures of the photosphere are less extreme than the temperatures associated with the highly rotating nuclear ground states in the solar corona.  The temperatures of the photosphere are more extreme than the temperatures associated with the cooler sunspots.  The nuclei in the photosphere are not restrict to rotating about vertical axes only as are the nuclei in the sunspots.

High Temperature Solar Corona.  The extreme edges of the solar atmosphere would be the most exposed to the ultra-cold 3 degrees K background temperature of space yet those regions can produce coronal radiation corresponding to one million degrees K or more.  The protons in those far edges of the solar atmosphere tend to be relatively isolated or free of interference from other atoms or protons.  Protons (or hydrogen ions) are the nuclei within ordinary hydrogen atoms.  With little interaction of their induced large nuclear magnetic moments, isolated protons would be able to rotate about a horizontal axis with low friction.  With this low friction and little external interference or disruptions, the protons may acquire increasingly larger angular speeds about internal horizontal axes because of the Bessler principle.  Individual energetic photons would be produced when an electron interacts with a very rapidly rotating nuclear ground state (meaning rotating proton).  By the large angular speeds about horizontal axes, rotating nuclear ground states would tend to form strong horizontal magnetic moments.

Star's Longer Lifetime.  With our sun (as a nearby example of a star) and its solar corona getting its power primarily from the Bessler principle, this means that the estimates of the lifetime of the sun (and other stars) are much longer than according to models based upon almost only hot fusion as the power source.  Nuclear fuel would be used up at a much lower rate.  The primary power source for the stars is actually based upon the rotational kinetic energy being extracted from two-part gravitons according to the Bessler principle.  Then the lifetime or time until the sun (or any other particular star) is destroyed would be much longer than prior predictions (without consideration of the Bessler principle).

Power from Planet Atmospheres. As with the solar corona, the Bessler principle could similarly account for the other unusual higher temperatures or power productions observed in the atmospheres of various planets (including Venus, earth and Jupiter).  Power is produced in such atmospheres despite the planets being nearly completely surrounded by the ultra-cold background temperature of space.  The planets with atmospheres are not frozen solid, even though they have had prolonged exposure to the 3 degrees K background temperature of space.  There would be little extra heating due to greenhouse effects, if the atmospheres were frozen solid.

Earth Atmosphere Example.  If it were not for the Bessler principle, the earth's atmosphere would have been frozen solid ages ago because of the persistent background temperature of space.  Any helium previously in the atmosphere would be a liquid at 3 degrees Kelvin, if it were not for the Bessler principle.  With the background temperature of space being about 3 degrees Kelvin or -270 degrees Celsius or -454 degrees Fahrenheit, averaging a 6000 degree Kelvin sun-size spot on the surface of a sphere of radius R centered about the earth with the rest of the surface of the sphere being at 3 degrees Kelvin (for R being the distance from the earth to the sun) gives an average spherical boundary temperature barely above that background temperature of about 3 degrees Kelvin.  Earth is not a super cold frozen ice cube.  It would have lost any original heat long ago.  Earth is receiving heat (power) from the Bessler principle, vast numbers of nuclei within the earth receive slightly greater rotations about their own internal horizontal axes which together contribute greatly to the heating of earth.  The nuclei in the earth's atmosphere contribute even more power according to the Bessler principle, since the nuclei rotate with less friction about horizontal axes than nuclei within the earth.  The power generated is not too large in the earth's atmosphere, since there is moderation by sharing of angular momentum and there is disruption of rotations about horizontal axes by occasional interactions between nuclei and by photons carrying away excess energy when electrons interact with such rotating nuclear ground states.

Jupiter's Atmosphere.  Jupiter is further away from the sun than the earth so it would have even greater exposure to the background temperature of space.  Jupiter's atmosphere is not frozen solid due to long exposure to temperatures of 3 degrees Kelvin.  Rather Jupiter is a net producer of radiant power produced nearly completely by the Bessler principle.

Bessler Principle.  All matter rotating about a horizontal axis obtains rotational kinetic energy from absorption of attractive two-part gravitons according to the Bessler principle.  This acquired energy may be dissipated by friction related means.  Larger internal angular speeds of matter acquires more rotational kinetic energy by the Bessler principle.  For more information on the Bessler principle, see GravitySummaryNews.txt and PhysicsSummaryNews.txt (as found on http://www1.iwvisp.com/LA4Park/) for some other details.  The files CosmicRays.txt, PappEngine.txt, and besslerwheelpapertxt.txt (or besslerwheelpaperhtm.htm or besslerwheelpaperrtf.rtf) might also be of interest.  See the 24 October 2010 paragraph "Gravity and the Living Universe" associated with my Mormon.org profile (found by searching for Alden gravity or Alden universe).  AEP - 10 Oct 2011