http://www1.iwvisp.com/LA4Park/PappEngine.txt Dates: 3 Apr, 4 Jun, 2,5 Aug 2010 To view this plain text Internet file, one could right click -> View source, then if possible Format -> Word Wrap ---------- Papp Engine and GEET Reactor Related Things Overview of Papp Engine. The Papp engine produced power, had no exhaust, reused its chemically non-reactive gas mixture, and needed no cooling system (as it ran cool). It was covered by three patents (#3680431, #3670494, and #4428193) but Papp did not disclose his actual gas mixture, as he was trying to keep it a secret. See Issue #51 of "Infinite Energy" (IE). AEP - 19 March 2010 How Papp Engines Worked. Papp's engines worked by extracting power using the Bessler principle. The engines obtained power neither from chemical nor nuclear reactions. The engine ran cool with respect to translation motion, as it ran off of graviton reactions rather than generating thermal translation-based kinetic energy from chemical reactions. See BesslerPrinciple.txt on my main Internet site for more information on the Bessler principle. In summary of the Bessler principle, all wheels (including nucleus size wheels) rotating about internal horizontal axes, acquire energy from two-part electromagnetic gravitons, so as to increase their angular speed, because there is a delay in pulling downward the higher elevation rotating charge. The larger the angular speed of the wheel means the greater is the increase in its acquired rotational kinetic energy. The acquired energy can be given up to friction. The Papp engines basically worked as follows: (1) sparks stimulated rapid rotations of nuclear ground states of hydrogen, (2) the Bessler principle provided great internal rotational energy to hydrogen nuclei rotating about horizontal axes, (3) rotational power was converted to photon energy, (4) photons expanded the chamber to deliver mechanical energy, (5) the rotating nuclear systems come to thermal equilibrium, (6) the chamber expansion translationally cools the gas, and (7) the chamber contraction translationally heats the gas. AEP - 19 Mar 2010 - 8 May 2010 Gravity. See http://www1.iwvisp.com/LA4Park/Gravity.txt for some discussion about gravity. AEP - 8-27 May 2010 Some Details of How Papp Engine Worked. Papp used radiant heater/warming coils which would tend to both (1) cause there to be more photons available within the firing piston cavity, and (2) increase the temperature within the cavity, so as to help keep the nuclear ground states of hydrogen rotating (and not becoming rotationally cool). Of all nuclei the proton (meaning the nucleus of the ordinary hydrogen atom) has the largest ratio of nuclear magnetic moment to mass. Papp's high voltage and high frequency sparks will magnetically kick the nuclei of ordinary hydrogen into a large angular speed internal rotation. Many of the hydrogen nuclei would have large angular speed rotations about horizontal axes and thus rapidly produce even greater rotations according to the Bessler principle. This should not go to a full explosion and explode the engine because of the moderating presence of enough neighboring more massive, slowly rotating, chemically non-reactive, colder nuclei such as helium four, which does not have any measured nuclear magnetic moment per mass. See p. B-247 "Table of the Isotopes" of "CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics" 52nd Edition 1971-1972. Helium four is not kicked much into rotation by the sparks, as any slight (unmeasured) nuclear magnetic properties would be due to slight residual rotations of the positively charged nuclear ground states. Any nuclei within the chamber walls even with magnetic properties should not be rotated much by a spark. AEP - 19 Mar 2010 - 29 May 2010 Hydrogen Has Large Angular Speeds. For a nucleus of radius r and mass M we have torque = (moment of inertia of a sphere)(angular acceleration). The torque on the nucleus is proportional to the magnetic moment of the nucleus (according to a change in the surrounding magnetic field). The moment of inertia of a solid nuclear sphere (about an axis through its center) is 2Mrr/5 or it is proportional to Mrr. The proton or nucleus of the hydrogen nucleus has the largest value of magnetic moment divided by (Mrr). This means that the hydrogen nucleus experiences the largest angular acceleration and so with rapidly changing magnetic fields of sparks, it can acquire large angular speeds. AEP - 31 May 2010, 31 Jul 2010 Do Not Use Excessive Power Sparks. On an operating Papp-like engine, one should certainly not turn up the variac power and create an extra powerful explosion, as Papp seems to have done on 18 Nov 1968, according to p. 46 of IE #51. There was an extra powerful sparking from the variac which caused such a large explosion that even the larger nuclei could not rotationally moderate the situation. The larger rotationally moderating nuclei began to increase in angular speed and pick up power from the Bessler principle. The consequences was that Papp's engine blew up during the demonstration. Because of that explosion, someone died. There was no evidence of any chemical explosive residue according to the investigation following the engine accident. AEP - 19 Mar 2010 - 8 May 2010 Rotational Energy to Photon Energy. In the Papp engine, after more nuclear-rotational-kinetic energy was obtained from gravitons, energy was transferred (in a somewhat friction-like fashion) to photon energy primarily either: (1) by rapidly rotating nuclear ground states with magnetic moments radiating photon energy or (2) by many photons acquiring energy in Compton-like fashion by bouncing off of highly rotating nuclear ground states or (3) by radiation of electrons from electron wavefunctions overlapping rapidly rotating nuclear ground states or (4) by photon interaction with rotating electron wavefunctions which overlap with rapidly rotating nuclear ground states. Free unbound electrons can produce photons as they interact with charged particles. Photons can cause electrons to become free or unbound. Many free or unbound electrons can produce a plasma state of charged matter. The wavefunction overlap could even partly apply to plasma states (not in filled electron ground states) but there would be many more interactions and the interactions would be on a more transitory basis. The energy of new or more energetic photons can be used with multiple bounces to push outward the piston wall. AEP - 19 Mar 2010 - 8 May 2010 More Details of How Papp Engine Worked. As the piston wall of the cavity expand, this cools the gas within the cavity with respect to translation speed. The rotating nuclear ground states were relatively cool with respect to translation motion, as compared to a normal engine whose power primarily comes from chemically explosive reactions. The more-massive slowly-rotating chemically-non-reactive moderating nuclei neither easily pick up internal angular velocity nor easily pick up linear translation velocity from photons and electrons, as they tend to have a random walk sort of influence. The free or unbound electrons produce photons, as they interact with charges and eventually settle down near plasma boundaries to become bound electron wavefunction ground states (in atoms that are not ionized). Most of the power of the photons eventually goes to expanding the chamber wall (or piston). As long as the random walking of the angular velocity of the more massive moderating nuclear ground states does not grow so large that it has large components about horizontal axes (which would begin to acquire large amounts of power from the two part gravitons), then there would tend to be an approach to thermal equilibrium especially on the fringes of the plasma. Hydrogen nuclei can (if the dipole moment is not in the direction of the angular velocity) radiate according to their magnetic moment. Rotating nuclei can have energy carried away by electrons hitting the nuclei and by photons colliding with the rotating nuclei. This tends to reduce the magnitude of components of angular velocity about horizontal axes. This prevents those rotating nuclear ground states from picking up much rotational kinetic energy by the Bessler principle. As the photon energy is lost to expanding the piston wall, thermal equilibrium begins to set in, as the rotating nuclei lose energy to their surroundings. The expanded piston would come to an eventual cooler thermal equilibrium as long as the initial effective sparks were not too powerful, there is not too much hydrogen, there is enough gas pressure to cause enough interference/interaction among atoms/nuclei/electrons, and there are sufficient numbers of surrounding rotationally-colder larger nuclei/atoms (whether they be in the gas or in the container walls). Left to interact with themselves, the thermal translation and thermal rotation properties of all the atoms/nuclei would come to equilibrium associated with a common temperature. Again, as the chamber expands, this cools off the thermal translation velocity components of the atoms. The later recompression of the gas as the piston comes back would heat the gas. AEP - 19 Mar 2010 - 8 May 2010 Make Internal Chamber Walls Reflective. The photon pressure for pushing outward the piston wall would tend to be increased, if the inside surfaces of the chamber were made more reflective to the photons. With each reflective bounce of a photon off of the inside piston wall, there is useful momentum transferred to the piston. With each pure reflection from the piston the photon should deliver almost twice its incident momentum that is in the direction of piston travel. That would be almost twice the momentum that a piston would receive if the photon were merely absorbed. The inside walls of the chamber should be made as reflective as possible. A reflecting photon need not be a one time event, as a photon can make repeated reflections from an inside chamber surface (assuming that the photon is not somehow absorbed). The high internal reflectivity of the container corresponds to as many of the photon frequencies as possible for the photons that are present. This implies that if possible it should also reflect lower frequency (or lower energy) photons. The photons may lose a tiny amount of energy with each reflection off of an expanding piston wall (after viewing the situation in the frame of the expanding piston wall). A photon should not lose much energy when it reflects off of a stationary wall. If possible, the reflectivity should be high for low energy, low frequency infrared radiation, such as those provided by Papp's warming coils. To increase the power delivered by a Papp engine, increase the reflectivity of the inside surfaces for the photons in the chamber. The piston kinetic energy increase is proportional to about twice the number of reflections of a photon off of the piston wall. {Note that dE/dp = d(pp/(2m))/dp = p/m implies dE = pdp/m . Upon reflection the photon has delivered a small or "differential" momentum dp = 2h/L where L is the wavelength of the light.} Though a photon may have its energy decreased along the route, it may have its energy increased by direct or indirect interaction with rapidly rotating nuclear ground states that are acquiring energy by the Bessler principle. One might somewhat think of two mirrors with sources of light within (so that the photons bounce back and forth a large number of times) or better yet a fully enclosed container of mirrors with sources of light within. AEP - 23 Jul 2010 Spark Frequency Increase. A spark might best be increasing in frequency to get the slowly moving nuclei to rotate more rapidly. This may depend on the hardware available. Papp likely did not have such hardware available to him so such hardware would not be required to construct a Papp-like engine. The higher frequencies may be more effective as the nuclei begin to rotate more rapidly. AEP - 8,28 May 2010 New Capabilities. The Bessler principle should provide "new" capabilities. Because the Papp-like engines would have their working gas hermetically sealed and don't need a cooling system, they should have new capabilities. Because the gas used in Papp engines is reused, the engines should be able to operate in volcanic dust clouds (which shut down many airports in Europe during part of April 2010 and caused much money to be lost by the airlines). Such Papp-like engines would not take in outside air so that they would not suffer internal engine damage (by dust ash) during any internal "combustion". Papp-like engines should also be able to operate in terrible sand/dust storms on the desert. It is a completely different situation whether or not the aerodynamics is proper for flying in such storms. Without a cooling system the Papp-like engines should be lighter relative to the power delivered, allowing for extended capabilities. Electric energy costs should begin to tumble when the Papp-like engines begin to appear and help bring about much economic prosperity without hurting the environment. Papp-like engines could be used for propulsion in space, as long as they operate in regions where gravity is strong enough (which might include all useful places in this solar system). A strong-transparent portion of a window (in at least one ignition chamber of a Papp-like engine) could preferentially direct photons out in one direction. This would be a sustained source of photon propulsion power without using up mass, as happens with normal rocket propulsion. It should be an important means of propulsion in space, without cluttering up space. Enough extra power would need to be produced for ignition sparks, chamber warming coils, and space craft heating. Propulsion direction could be controlled by redirecting/blocking the photon pulses. AEP - 19 Apr 2010 - 8 May 2010 Noble Gas Explosions. There could be some hydrogen atoms within piston chambers of noble gases coming from (1) breaking any leakage molecules possibly into hydrogen gas and other atoms (2) ripping apart of highly-rotating multi-nucleon ground states because of the Bessler principle. Sparks could cause the hydrogen nuclei to rotate and pick up energy via the Bessler principle. Some of the largest noble gases have isotopes with magnetic moments so that the sparks could cause them to begin to rotate and begin to pick up energy from the Bessler principle. Energy could be transferred to surrounding material (by (1) radiation from rotating nuclear magnetic moments, (2) photons bouncing off them (rotating nuclei or surrounding rotating electron states) and carrying away energy, and (3) electrons colliding/interacting with rotating nuclear ground states or surrounding electron states and removing energy). The different nuclei have different dynamic responses and could pick up rotations at different rates. Some stable isotopes of the noble gases have measurable nuclear magnetic moments in nuclear magnetons (He3 -2.1275 .000013%, Ne21 -.6618 .257%, Kr83 -.970 11.55%, Xe129 -.7768 26.44%) where the percentages of natural abundance were shown. This along with varying masses may in part explain how light may be given off at different times after a sudden spark. Rotating nuclear ground states could, by their velocities, go near other rotating nuclear ground states and cause magnetic dipole interference. If the variac were not set high for explosion, the noble gas nuclei could come to thermal equilibrium with their surroundings. These things could also explain the rumbling sound heard associated with both explosions of Papp's gases. See p. 17 of IE Vol. 9, Issue #51 2003. An explanation for why some have not had large numbers of repetitions of the explosions could be that the sparks would cause the isotopes of noble gases with large nuclear magnetic moments to become highly rotating and they could have their nuclear ground states deformed so much that they could be altered. Such nuclei could become lower mass nuclei (by mass being rotationally cast off) and if without a magnetic moment they would no longer be energy productive with respect to picking up power via the Bessler principle, as a sudden spark would not cause them to rotate. AEP - 8 Apr 2010 - 8 May 2010, 23 Jul 2010, 2 Aug 2010 Safety First in Experiments. I think that this explains the results of some Papp engine experimenters and how experimenters can get better results, if they think slightly more out of the box and use somewhat more hydrogen at first. They should be careful to not use too much initially, as they need to avoid a rotationally unquenched explosion. They should not repeat the accident of the Papp engine explosion by his turning up the variac too much. Review pp. 43,46 of Issue #51 of IE. They need to be very careful by approaching from the low side. One should consider the greater than chemical explosion that killed a researcher at Stanford Research Institute. One should also consider the greater than chemical explosion in the laboratory of Fleischmann, Pons, and Hawkins that they warned about in their initial paper ("Electrochemically induced nuclear fusion of deuterium" by Martin Fleischmann, Stanley Pons, and Marvin Hawkins, J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol. 261, No. 2A, April 10,1989, pp. 301-308; Errata, Vol. 263, No. 1, May 10, 1989, pp. 187-188.). I think, that because of the cube related geometry, there were many locally dense and high temperature regions of highly rotating nuclear ground states of deuterium with many pairs of these combining under pressure into highly rotating nuclear ground states of helium. All of these nuclear ground states rotating about horizontal axes (because of the horizontal magnetic fields due to the cathode) picked up more energy by the Bessler principle, without sufficient cooling. Because the Bessler principle is explosively unstable (as the large angular speed about horizontal axes produces more rotational kinetic energy as it increases the angular speed), it is more likely that the explosive power came from the Bessler principle than from the "cold" fusion. AEP - 20 Apr 2010 - 29 May 2010 Unnecessary Burning. By using the Papp-like engines we would be protecting our environment by not depleting oxygen from the atmosphere when fuels are unnecessarily burned. There will be no need to burn a single drop of fuel in our vehicles with the coming of the Papp-like engines, unless (by our own self-limitations) we don't believe: (1) that the outermost portions of the solar corona can reach temperatures of 1,000,000 degrees Kelvin (because with considerable isolation, protons can become highly rotating nuclear ground states about horizontal axes "by themselves" but with help from the two-part gravitons), (2) that railroad trains can move a ton of freight 436 miles using a gallon of fuel (see CSX.com), (3) that the Earth is not a super-cold ice ball (as it strives to radiantly come to thermal equilibrium with its surroundings, which have an average temperature of about 3 degrees Kelvin, meaning cold enough to turn helium into a liquid), (4) that there exist special translationally-relatively-cold fusion D + D reactions (though rotationally-extremely-hot fusion reactions) that can produce heat from produced highly rotating nuclear ground states of helium four, (5) that each charge is a continual or perpetual power source (so that opposite charges may be considered as continual or perpetual power sources behind the Bessler principle), (6) that snowflakes or miniature-marvelous-rapidly-rotating six-fold-symmetric ice crystals can form and fall from heaven, (7) that ancient yin-yang two-chamber-partitioned water-filled rotating cylinders could produce "dragon-fire" hot spots on their sides according to the ancient symbol, (8) that Coral Castle could be built with the same secret used in building the Egyptian pyramids, (9) that relatively cooler-dark deeper-down sunspots can be formed by vertical magnetic fields preventing positive nuclei from rotating about horizontal axes or preventing them from acquiring much power via the Bessler principle, (10) that Bessler's four most famous wheels (with special low friction mechanical bearings) could continuously turn for as long as desired (doing light work when required to do so), (11) that the 1968 McKinley low-friction demonstration could blow air and make a fluttering sound, for as long as the special very low friction bearing was kept cold enough using liquid helium for the superconducting lead to exclude all magnetic fields of the axle (thus creating a modern day bearing example of a Bessler's wheel), (12) that some GEET reactors can break apart both molecules and nuclei, being so powered by the Bessler principle, (13) that the Papp engines were powered by the Bessler principle, (14) that our Sun produces its radiant power primarily off of the Bessler principle (instead of rotation-cold translation-hot &/or high-pressure fusion), (15) that the Sun is associated with higher temperatures as the nuclei are higher up, have lower pressure, and are less interfering, (16) that radioactive wastes can be treated by rotating them with large enough angular speed about a horizontal axis, (17) that rapidly rotating nuclear ground states can create counter magnetic fields, weakening the horizontal magnetic field confinement bottles of "hot" fusion experiments, (18) that more massive horizontal-axle turbines can produce more power than less massive turbines of otherwise identical shape/geometry, (19) that a cylinder in space can increase its angular speed "of itself", if its rotation symmetry axis is perpendicular to the plane formed by the centers of the Earth, the Sun, and the Moon, (20) that the other planets are not all frozen balls, and (21) that the Bessler principle may be considered the largest source of power for heating in this solar system. I am convinced of the truth of those and many other things related to the Bessler principle. I could have written more but if this is not making the point, how many more examples would I need to make the point? How many examples do we need to observe or consider or test out before people begin to understand and believe in the Bessler principle? After Bessler's eight continuous weeks of running his wheel, Karl the Landgrave "... felt that the point had been made; if eight weeks was not sufficient length of time to prove that the wheel was not wound up or driven by external sources, how many weeks would be acceptable?" (See p. 101 of John Collins' 1997 book "Perpetual Motion: An Ancient Mystery Solved?") Bessler chiastically wrote "SenDIhrDanaVChnoChVnVerstdnDIg" at the beginning and end of his Apologia, meaning 'Are ye also yet without understanding?' as seen in Matt 15:16. (See pp. 183,189 of Collins' book.) AEP - 10 Apr 2010 - 8 May 2010 Do Not Drill for Oil. If we didn't need to burn a drop of fossil fuel, we would not need to drill for oil. If we did not need to drill for oil, we would not be taking risks that could result in environmental disasters. Some disasters include: the oil spill from the Exxon Valdez, the smoky infernos of Kuwait oil wells burning, and the massive spewing from BP's damaged oil well in the Gulf of Mexico. When will we begin to put on our thinking caps? AEP - 25 May 2010 Fusion Name Misnomers. Note that the normal so called "hot" fusion reactions are translationally hot but rotationally relatively cold. The normal "hot fusion" expression is thus in part a misnomer. The normal "cold fusion" expression is also in part a misnomer, as such nuclei are translationally cold but rotationally very hot. They represent physically greatly different phenomena. We can get such misnomers, when we only consider the relatively less important translational part and completely ignore the more important rotational part. It is the rotational part that allows the Coulomb shielding for the compressed-rotational-shielded (CRS) fusion to proceed. See the paper "Some Thoughts on a Simple Mechanism for the 2H + 2H -> 4He Cold Fusion Reaction" by Alden E. Park, Fusion Technology, American Nuclear Society, Vol. 24, No. 3, November 1993, pp. 319-323. While the supply lasts (of the about .7 ounce COLD FUSION, TECHNICAL NOTE, with KEYWORDS: ground-state fusion, compressed-rotational-shielded fusion, rotating ground states), one may send a self-addressed stamped large envelope to the author at 922 W. Franklin Ave., Ridgecrest, CA 93555-5110 for an ANS Reprint copy of the paper. Note that the paper didn't explain why the initiation mechanism of the CRS fusion was possible, as it was then not fully understood. The strong horizontal magnetic fields at the surface of the cylindrical cathode, caused by current going up through the cathode (with proper atomic surface geometry, large enough pressure, and high enough temperature) favored many neighboring pairs of deuterium nuclei to individually nuclear-rotate with large angular speed about parallel horizontal axes (because of the Bessler principle) prior to the CRS fusion to form nuclear ground states of helium-4, with large angular speed about internal horizontal axes. There would need to be enough pairs of such nuclei rotating locally (picking up energy from the Bessler principle) so that their angular speed not be reduced or cooled down by the interactive presence of the essentially zero angular speed palladium atomic lattice structure. Each individual deuterium nucleus (with nuclear magnetic moment of +0.85742 nuclear magnetons) would need to have its magnetic dipole moment aligned with the horizontal magnetic field so that the deuterium nucleus not lose much rotational kinetic energy by magnetic-dipole-rotation radiation. It was apparently not well recognized at the time but there were rapidly rotating nuclear ground states prior to the study of "cold" fusion. The nuclei creating temperatures of one million degrees Kelvin in the solar corona are a simple example of this. The Papp engines are another example. AEP - 10 Apr 2010 - 28 May 2010 Use Papp-like Engines. As we begin to use Papp-like engines, we should phase out the burning of fuel in our vehicles and power stations. Accidents of huge oil spills at sea would not happen if we don't try to drill or pump or transport such oil. Mining for coal (and not for the purpose of obtaining energy) should be much safer, when we are not so energy constrained. In this day and age, it is medieval for us to be burning fuel in our vehicles and having people die inside coal mines or outside coal mines because of black lung disease. I am trying to turn the turner for the benefit of the world. People shouldn't be critical of the Bessler principle, if they can't explain the phenomena that the Bessler principle explains. Just as Newton wouldn't come out openly against the Bessler wheel (and just threw "darts" at it from shadows behind the scenes), modern day people seem reluctant to take an open stand against the Bessler principle (maybe realizing that evidence and logic is stacked against them) and are content to just throw an occasional barb from the sidelines. AEP - 10 Apr 2010 - 28 May 2010 Bessler Principle Is Old. In hindsight, I think that Johann Ernst Elias Bessler (a.k.a. Orffyreus) long ago (1716/1717) (in Germany) poetically wrote much about forming his special low friction mechanical roller bearings and his special low friction mechanical (Bessler) principle in his book "Apologia". Apologia is a short name for its full title which was "Apologische Poesie und Poetische Apologie Von seinem MOBILE PER SE und PERPETUUM MOBILE" . The full title contained two separate second level chiasms. The first chiasm is "Apologische Poesie und Poetische Apologie". The second chiasm is "MOBILE PER SE und PERPETUUM MOBILE". There might even be a chiastic link between those two chiasms, with his smaller font words of "und", "Von seinem", and "und". The largest size font was for his "PERPETUUM MOBILE". The very title was balanced below and above, and balanced side to side. The book was his Hebraic poetic defense of his perpetual mobile and of his faith in his helpful God. I think that the poetry of his book was greatly chiastic. Chiastic to fine internal levels was both his principle and his low friction mechanical bearing. There was much chiastic order in the manner that he displayed the title. The words were centered at the top of the title page directly above each other somewhat like this. Apologische Poesie und Poetische Apologie Von seinem MOBILE PER SE und PERPETUUM MOBILE I suspect that the book was chiastic to a huge number of levels (in part by his placement of a large number of scriptural references with inverse pattern correspondence to things he wrote within his first chiastic part). See Ether as another example of a huge level chiastic structure, with a special message at its chiastic center. I neither have access to the full original language of Apologia nor do I have access to a full translation into English. I can only verify my conjecture from the portions that I have seen within John Collins' book. Bessler's whole book was chiastically centered about his little book parable (which itself was chiastic and addressed much of natural things of God), which I may later attempt to discuss again in another Bessler wheel paper. I think his whole book speaks both of his special low friction bearing invention and his principle of the wheel or rather of gravity acting on the horizontal axis rotating wheel. AEP - 19 Apr 2010 - 8 May 2010 Charge Power Source. As each bare charge is an infinite duration power source and power may be extracted somewhat efficiently from some two-part electromagnetic gravitons using Papp-like engines (without polluting our environment), there is no reason for groups to try to acquire fossil fuel resources for producing energy (except due to transient inertia left over from past ignorance). Great power and wealth can be accumulated if desired, without hostile taking over the things of others. This life is not a zero sum game. There is no need for there to be any poor among us anywhere on the Earth. AEP - 10 Apr 2010 ------- Talents-Wheels. With both our talents (see Matthew 25:14-30) and rotational kinetic energy about our horizontal axis wheels, the more we work them, the more is obtained. This means that there would be greater capability of doing. We need to reduce contention and friction so that we can acquire more but we need to give (so that our talents can be of benefit and our wheels can be useful-energy productive). Giving so much that we completely drain ourselves (or our talents) and our wheels' rotational motion would not be wise. We should properly prepare by maintaining reserve capacity so that we and our wheels not die unnecessarily. Recall that Papp kept the nuclear ground states of hydrogen rotating by using his warming coils. AEP - 10 Apr 2010 Voluntarily Help Poor. We need to voluntarily help those relatives of ours who are poor and we need to be honest in all our dealings with everyone. Everyone is mortally related to everyone else on this planet. We will eventually be accountable to God for our actions. Help doesn't mean give to enable destruction (with "help" going from rich to poor). If we are wise, we should not take others' resources (including energy). God is giving us great power to see how we handle it here below in this time of mortal probation. Will we pass the tests? We should not be forced to help but we should give abundantly of our own free will, that the tests be passed. Whether we are talking money or talents or energy production via the Bessler principle, forcibly taking from the rich to give to the poor would greatly reduce productivity or progression of the whole. Completely unlike charity, such a social forcing is an organized resistance leading to decay for the one receiving as well as the one forced to give. Force yes, if a crime is committed, but is being uncharitable a crime to be punished by the redistribution of wealth? Charity is expected of those who really love others with the love of God. Moral agency is attacked in the so called social justice, similar to communism. The giver is forced to give up wealth. Communism is a counterfeit of the United Order within which order moral agency and free enterprise are left intact. Redistribution of wealth must only be done by the approval of every individual. The photons and gravitons of the growing universe freely give of their own accord, without external constraint. -- Talents even went from the poor with a single hidden talent to the rich who acquired ten talents in Matthew 25:28-29. There was no vindictiveness in this. Talents are real wealth that we can take with us. The more talents we acquire, the greater will be our abundance of talents until it is exceedingly great as our progression is not limited in the eternities. It is especially the direction of talent improvement that is important. We can voluntarily help others improve their talents, if they are so willing. -- If we like the rotating wheel don't make any self improvement because of self imposed friction or resistance, then we will go backwards, as the talents are automatically removed from us. The wheel with too much friction will decay to a stop despite the Bessler principle. With the Bessler principle, the larger the angular speed of a wheel about a horizontal axis means that more power is extracted from the two-part gravitons so as to increase the speed of the wheel or at least to transform the acquired energy to another form. It is the direction of improvement or decay that is important. If the wheel does not have that obtained energy forcibly removed by say friction, then that acquired energy goes into increasing the speed of the wheel and so by the principle the power acquired increases or rather the rate at which energy is acquired is grown. There would be an exceedingly great abundance without friction, but the decaying friction is all about us. If the wheel gives up just enough power so that it does not go into decay, then that power portion given up on its own terms can be used for the benefit of powering other entities. -- The heating for this Earth does not come from lingering very long lifetime radioactivity deep down within the Earth. Radioactivity at or near the surface of the Earth is insufficient to account for a persistent onslaught of exposure to surrounding 3 degrees Kelvin. The greenhouse gases of our atmosphere would have been frozen long ago. There is insufficient heat coming out of the interior of the Earth to hold back the freezing of our oceans and atmosphere immersed in an average surrounding temperature of 3 degrees Kelvin. There are no vast currents of heat welling up from the bottom of the oceans to stop the freezing of ocean and atmosphere if not for that greatly ignored mini-mighty miracle for our benefit of the Bessler principle. Indeed (except for cracks in the Earth) the opposite heat gradient is observed at the cold dark ocean floors at great depths. We should not go on a global campaign to make it illegal for plant or animal organisms to die in the oceans, with their material falling to the bottoms, increasing the thermal insulation of the bottoms of the ocean floors, and prevent the supposed great heat welling up from the interior of the Earth from radioactivity to keep our oceans and atmosphere from freezing. -- The largest heating term to the Earth should be considered in any discussion of global warming (especially since the Earth has long been slowing down in its rate of rotation which could contribute to global cooling). Ignoring the source of continued power coming from charges (which it is based upon), the Bessler principle is the greatest source of heating and useful energy production in this solar system. We would do well to ponder its implications and various possible symbolic interpretations. AEP - 10 Apr 2010 - 15 May 2010 Science Errors. The world has a great many other scientific misconceptions or falsehoods that are popularly propagated. I am trying to beat down a few of the widely propagated falsehoods. It is a falsehood that the Sun gets its power from hot fusion. Even with hot fusion research, the role of highly rotating nuclear ground states has been ignored. The highly rotating nuclear ground states in confined magnetic fusion experiments create leakage currents in the magnetic bottles by weakening the containing primarily-horizontal magnetic fields, which form the bottle walls. That is a misunderstanding or a puzzle that the hot fusion researchers need to come to grips with. I tried to warn at least one hot fusion researcher about the solution to the known problem by email (on 8 May 2007) not to throw out the "baby" with the "bath water". If there is something wrong in the predictive calculations, surely the hot fusion researchers should consider the possibility of the underlying models being in error and another principle (the Bessler principle) needing to be coded up in their models. The solution should be obvious. I said the following. "They should concentrate on producing power-producing very highly rotating nuclear-ground-states (rotating about individual horizontal axes going through the centers of their nuclei) instead of removing such anomalies. If they want the adults, they need to allow the babies time to grow up and give the babies some space to grow up in. They should certainly not throw the babies hard at each other." AEP - 10,24 Apr 2010 Many physicists may be in a classic denial mode with respect to the Bessler principle. With all the experimental evidence on the side of the Bessler principle it is just a matter of time until they will need to face the facts. We will each be accountable for the great power that has been granted to us. We will be accountable for those we helped, those we hurt, and those we could have helped. AEP - 21 Apr 2010 Another scientific misconception is the rampant preaching of people evolving from lower life forms. Truth will eventually prevail, even if the state begins to adopt an atheistic religion (as it should not do so). Our first mortal parents were Adam and Eve but cell/gene skeptics indirectly poked fun at that, saying that Eve was much older than Adam (by current female to children propagated mitochondrial cell material having greater diversity than male to male propagated Y-chromosome genetic diversity). They seemed to poke fun until they were reminded that the strictly male genetic material came solely through Noah while the from mother cell material came through the three wives of Noah's sons (thus allowing for more variations because of those three groups of mother cell material). Noah's wife passed along mitochondrial cell material to her three sons living on this side of the flood but those sons did not pass that cell material on. We need to study the scriptures to gain benefit for ourselves from lessons of the past with respect to our own situations and problems. As we liken the scriptures unto our own situations, we should begin to realize that only without wisdom would we ignore the words of the prophets (both ancient and modern) so that we not repeat the errors of the past. Contention does not come from God but rather from the devil. Miracles do occur when there is no friction or contention, as we should begin to clearly understand from applications of the Bessler principle. AEP - 10 Apr 2010 - 1 May 2010 Renewed Life after Death. Please don't laugh at the notion of temporarily returning to life (after death) and the more important resurrection. My son saw an estimate on the Internet that roughly one person out of 10 has had an out of body experience (of death prior to coming back to mortal life). I had one such experience. I have heard of many people who have had such experiences. The spirit body can come out of the physical body for a while. In the middle ages there was evidence of people coming back to life in their coffins, which later brought about the well known expression "saved by the bell", as steps were taken to make sure that people, who were buried, but then returned, could ring a bell and be dug up. Wakes served a particular useful purpose until poisonous embalming fluids were used to replace the blood in people's bodies upon death (and then people would no longer temporarily awake from the slumber called death). AEP - 10 Apr 2010 Perpetually Not Subject to Death. As the idea of perpetual power being radiated from a charge is a true story, so too is the idea that one day we will all be resurrected to a perpetual state in which we will no longer be subject to death. Some will disbelieve both ideas but experiment and modern revelation from God can speak of the correctness of both. Maybe God will reveal to you the correctness of the resurrection, as you study/ponder the scriptures and repent. We will have much evidence of life after death, as we come out of our bodies upon death. It will happen. Just wait an see. The real question is "What should we do until then?" It is important to seek to learn of God and obey God for our own eternal benefit. All that God commands us is for our own eternal benefit and happiness. AEP - 10.28,30 Apr 2010 Living Universe. The observed portions of this universe of ours are moving, expanding, growing, and producing new matter. If the universe itself is physically living, why should we ignore the possibility that we can live beyond death? (See Gravity.txt .) AEP - 15-25 May 2010 Translation of Book of Mormon Back into Near Original Language. I got an email from a friend on 3 May 2010 about the translation of the Book of Mormon from English into the Arabic language (by a native Egyptian, Sami Hanna, who is an academic scholar, and not a Church member when he began the translation). The Book of Mormon was apparently originally written in a Semitic language using original reformed Egyptian characters, so Arabic might be considered close to the original. One of eight comments in the email about the translation said 'Helaman 3:14 In this verse, there are a total of eighteen "ands." Reviewers of the Book of Mormon have, on occasion, been critical of the grammar in such a passage where the use of the word "and" seems so repetitious. Yet Brother Hanna explains that each of the "ands" in this verse is absolutely essential to the meaning, when this verse is expressed in Arabic, for the omission of any " and" would nullify the meaning words.' Br. Hanna discovered "from the linguistics of the book" that it "could not have been composed by an American, no matter how gifted." As partial background, see "A Treasured Testament" Ensign July 1993 (available at lds.org) for a little more information. The email gave more details, and said there were many more examples. Many reject the idea of modern revelation from God only to learn later that they were missing out on great things from God. AEP - 5 May 2010 Charge, Spirit, and Matter. According to modern instruction from a prophet of God, "There is no such thing as immaterial matter. All spirit is matter, but it is more fine or pure, and can only be discerned by purer eyes; We cannot see it; but when our bodies are purified we shall see that it is all matter." (D&C 131:7-8). This idea seems to somewhat indirectly support the notion that a proton is composed of many opposite charges at a finer level. There exist much finer types of matter than we typically consider. I had just taken it as an assumption that a proton is composed by at least as many charges as the mass of the proton divided by the mass of an electron. That would be an underestimate, if an electron is composed of many charge particles. Even without the instruction, there is much physical evidence that the proton can acquire internal rotational kinetic energy by the Bessler principle. If that is so, then the proton should in part be composed of many opposite charges, for the Bessler principle to have application. AEP - 10 Apr - 5 May 2010 Now ye may suppose that this is foolishness in me; but "behold I say unto you, that by small and simple things are great things brought to pass; and small means in many instances doth confound the wise." (Alma 37:6) "The weak things of the world shall come forth and break down the mighty and strong ones, ..." (D&C 1:19) Magnetic Fields May Not Be Fundamental. I have been thinking that magnetic (B) fields are not fundamental, in that they are just a form of the electric (E) fields radiating directly out at the speed of light from charges that are rotating. It is more convenient though to think of them as magnetic fields. There would be no physical entity of a B field that remains stationary out in space from a rotating charge. They would owe their time discontinuous existence to vast fluxes of discontinuous E fields going by at the speed of light. There are no static continuous E fields, only discontinuous E fields moving at the speed of light. There is no static continuous gravitational field, only discontinuous two-part gravitons moving at the speed of light, with each graviton composed of two E field parts. It is often convenient/easier to think in terms of static continuous fields. AEP - 3,5 May 2010 Overunity without Orffyrean Roller Bearing. Even with existing bearing technology (without Bessler's Orffyrean roller bearings), the Papp engine should go forth as an important overunity engine solution. Papp previously demonstrated his engines with existing bearing technology. With Bessler's special low friction bearings, this would provide additional power output from Papp-like engines. The engines would become even more overunity, with power not being diverted to friction in the bearings. With larger rotational speeds, extra power would be produced by the Bessler principle from portions within or connected to the engine that rotate about horizontal axes. AEP - 10,28 Apr 2010 Angular Momentum of Nuclear Ground States. Each rotationally-cold nuclear ground state is quantized according to a particular value of internal angular momentum, but there are associated questions such as, "Does there exist a rotating coordinate system with respect to which all the nuclear ground states of one isotope all have precisely the same internal angular momentum?" (no), and "For a temperature above absolute zero, are all the nuclear ground states of one isotope precisely frozen in angular velocity?" (no). AEP - 17 Apr 2010 - 1 May 2010 Analogy with Falling Sans Friction. One interesting but crude (not exact) way to think of the Bessler principle of picking up energy from the gravitons is to think of a normal particle in the complete absence of friction. Starting from "rest", it would pick up greater and greater energy from gravity as it falls. The speed (that it picks up) is locally linear with time but the kinetic energy goes as the square of the speed. It acquires ever more energy in an unbounded sense until it eventually runs into something. What happens in a rotating mass (without friction being present) using the Bessler principle is an acquisition of rotational kinetic energy in place (in an unbounded sense), as greater and greater torques are applied by the two-part gravitons to the two-part or pairs of rotating charges in the rotating mass. For cases of the nucleus being more massive than a proton, there are bounds to the rotational kinetic energy that may be pumped into a highly rotating nuclear ground state. At some point the more massive nuclear ground state is deformed so much that it is ripped apart. There may not be such a bound on a proton, as the proton is not a multi-nucleon ground state. The proton (a single nucleon) apparently can not be rotated rapidly enough by two-part gravitons to rip itself apart. Protons, with nuclear magnetic moments, also might radiate energy by their rapid rotations. Protons at the largest angular speeds might possibly radiate away about the same energy that they acquire from gravitons. Maybe a rapidly rotating proton will attract an electron and the collision sends off energy. As a proton keeps giving up energy, this somewhat caps the amount of rotational kinetic energy it can store (and without the proton being ripped apart by gravitons). Maybe a free neutron will break up after say 12 minutes (lifetime on p. B-247 of 52nd CRC HoC&P) because it takes about that long for a non-rotating neutron to acquire enough angular speed to be ripped apart by the Bessler principle. Maybe a neutron that is already rapidly rotating about a horizontal axis will not take very long to be ripped apart. Maybe the lifetime of a rotationally cold neutron will be decreased, if it somehow rotated rapidly. There is likely a dependency of the decay rates of radioactive materials on the angular speeds of their nuclear states, with decay becoming more rapid as the angular speed increases. AEP - 10 Apr 2010 - 5 May 2010 ------- GEET Reactor. I would like to congratulate Paul Pantone on coming up with the GEET (Global Environmental Energy Technology) reactor. Well done. Paul is a new energy pioneer. One interesting Internet URL about the GEET reactor was http://peswiki.com/index.php/Directory:GEET_Reactor_by_Paul_Pantone . I think that the GEET reactor is serving a valuable purpose of helping to begin weaning us off of fossil fuels. Hopefully when the Papp-like engines are better working, as they properly should, we should transition to environmental friendly Papp-like engines (meaning those running in modes in which the nuclei are not ripped apart). Some GEET reactors can break up nuclei by means of highly rotating nuclear ground states rotating about horizontal axes. The power for doing this comes from the Bessler principle. The GEET reactors as well as the Papp-like engines are serving as important examples of the utility of the Bessler principle. Hopefully, for the benefit of the environment as we produce power, we should only use GEET reactors that do not break apart nuclei. AEP - 17,28,29 Apr 2010 GEET Basic Theory. As I currently understand it, the way that the GEET reactor basically works is that it encourages (under conditions of very little mutual interference or disruption) (1) many molecules or nuclei to align with magnetic polarity directions, (2) many molecules or nuclei to rotate in part about "horizontal" axes, (3) larger angular speed for ground states to be acquired because of the Bessler principle, and (4) molecules or even nuclei to be ripped apart, as enough rotational kinetic energy is pumped into the rotating ground states by the two-part gravitons. Horizontal is here defined as perpendicular with respect to the gravitons that help the ground states to increase their angular speeds within the GEET reactor. The larger the internal angular speed of a ground state about a horizontal axis means the more rotational power it picks up from the Bessler principle. Nuclear ground states with more than one nucleon can be distorted so much by the rotations that they can be ripped apart to form more than one rotating nuclei. Fully ripped apart nuclei create rotating protons and rotating neutrons. Each rotating neutron rapidly decays into a proton, an electron, and a type of neutrino (as that is the slower situation with the decay of non-rotating neutrons). When fully operating, the central rod of the GEET reactor floats at the center of the GEET reactor. Within the GEET reactor, there is little outside interference or disruption to individual nuclei of the gas/plasma. This allows the rotating nuclear ground states to attain large angular speeds (via the Bessler principle) and become rotationally-thermally very "hot" but stay translationally-thermally not very "hot" near the hottest interior portion of the GEET reactor. AEP - 17 Apr 2010 - 18 May 2010 Some GEET Details. Here are some suspected details of the GEET reactor. Maybe others can improve upon my suspected details. For simplicity, I assume that the GEET reactor is "horizontal". Because no nucleus is at absolute zero (0 degrees Kelvin), there is no nucleus that has a sustained situation of zero angular velocity. There is at least an occasional background photon that "bounces" off the nucleus and very slightly alters the angular velocity of the nucleus. Though it may not be easily measured (as the usual processes of measuring tends to alter that which is being measured), each nucleus generally has at least a very slight angular speed, thus creating a very slight extra magnetic dipole, as the net positively charged nucleus rotates. AEP - 30 Apr 2010 Example B Field Relation to Magnetic Poles. Near the north geographic pole of the Earth is a south magnetic pole. The north end of a compass often points north or rather is attracted closer to that south magnet pole. The B field direction might be considered roughly as a tiny vector pointing from the south end of the compass needle to the north end of the compass needle (with the arrow point end being on the north seeking end of the compass needle). Magnetic B fields roughly "come out of" or point "out from" the north magnetic pole of the Earth (located near the south geographic end of the Earth), keep pointing northward as they "travel" northward through the "air", "go down" into the south magnetic pole of the Earth (located somewhat near the north geographic pole of the Earth), and "go down" inside the Earth until they "come out" the other end. Each B field "line" makes a closed loop. The artificial "traveling" language of the B fields was used to follow the tails to heads of the magnetic B field vectors. AEP - 30 Apr 2010, 7 May 2010 Example GEET Reactor Illustration. The Internet URL http://peswiki.com/index.php/Directory:GEET_Reactor_by_Paul_Pantone showed an illustration (http://peswiki.com/index.php/Image:VortexHeat_Exchanger300x263.jpg by NARESH VASANT 30 July 2007). The illustration itself referred to http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/VortexHeatExchanger/ . I will attempt to basically explain what is going on in the illustration(s) and why the GEET reactor is behaving so. AEP - 17 Apr 2010 - 15 May 2010 Some GEET Geometry. We assume as shown in the illustration that the containing cylinder is longer than the central rod. This means that the entrance to the containing cylinder begins well before the beginning of the floating central rod. The entrance end of the containing cylinder is a north magnetic pole. The exit end of the containing cylinder is a south magnetic pole. AEP - 18 May 2010 Direction sn. The floating central rod near the input vapor entrance of the GEET reactor is a magnetic south pole. Its other end near the exit is a magnetic north pole. That direction through the center of the central rod from the magnetic south pole to the magnetic north pole could be called the direction sn. AEP - 15 May 2010 Zero Nuclear Magnetic Moments Strengthen Central Rod Magnetic South Pole. Suppose we have a nucleus or a molecule without a measurable nuclear magnetic moment that is heading directly in the direction sn toward the pointed-tapered center of the central rod of the GEET reactor. Such say nuclei are not all frozen in internal angular velocity (assuming the temperature is above absolute zero). The nucleus should thus have at least some small angular speed. As the nucleus has a net positive charge, this means that the internal angular velocity creates a magnetic dipole, with the north magnetic pole end being associated with the arrow point end of the internal angular velocity vector. The angular velocity vector is in the direction that a right hand screw would proceed in, if it were so rotated. Such an atom would tend to rotate (like a compass) so that it is heading with its north magnetic pole end going first toward the central rod's magnetic south pole. The nucleus would be rotating about a horizontal axis and would acquire more angular speed by the Bessler principle. The mass of the nucleus dominates over the mass of the electron with respect to the Bessler principle. The increase in angular speed would increase the magnetic dipole moment of the nucleus. As these strong magnetic dipoles try to slam (north pole first) into the tapered south magnetic pole of the central rod. This would strengthen the south pole end of the central rod. AEP - 15-26 May 2010 Nuclear Magnetic Moments. Some "normally" rotating nuclei have positive nuclear magnetic moments, many have zero or no "measurable" magnetic moments, and a few have negative magnetic moments. Light hydrogen (with nucleus composed of a proton) has a positive nuclear magnetic moment of +2.79278 nuclear magnetons and the neutron has a negative nuclear magnetic moment of -1.9131 nuclear magnetons (p. B-247 of CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 52th Ed 1971-1972). Heavy hydrogen or deuterium (with nucleus composed of a proton and a neutron) has a nuclear magnetic moment of +0.85742 nuclear magnetons (p. B-247). Helium-4 (with nucleus composed of two protons and two neutrons) does not have a measurable nuclear magnetic moment (p. B-247). Carbon-12 does not have a measurable nuclear magnetic moment (p. B-248). Oxygen-16 does not have a measurable nuclear magnetic moment (p. B-249). Nitrogen-14 has a measurable nuclear magnetic moment of +0.4036 nuclear magnetons (p. B-248). AEP - 30 Apr 2010 - 28 May 2010 Zero Nuclear Magnetic Moment Nuclei. There might not be enough time for the GEET reactors to build up angular speed for nuclei initially with no measurable nuclear magnetic moments. This would tend to help keep such nuclei from being ripped apart in a GEET reactor. If nuclei without measurable nuclear magnetic moments were embedded in molecules that could be caused to rotate, then those nuclei could be caused to rotate in a GEET reactor and would be more likely to be ripped apart. Carbon well embedded in a vaporous hydrocarbon molecule might be more likely ripped apart than oxygen in a vaporous water molecule. AEP - 31 Jul 2010, 2 Aug 2010 With Magnetic Moment. A nucleus or a molecule with a magnetic dipole moment would rotate like a compass and move with its north magnetic pole proceeding first and strengthen the central rod magnetic south pole. As it heads toward the south magnetic pole of the central rod, it could have a slight angular velocity either (I) in the +sn direction or (II) in the -sn direction. AEP - 18 May 2010 I. If the angular velocity of the say nucleus is horizontal and in the +sn direction, then the Bessler principle could cause the angular speed to increase and this would increase the total strength of the magnetic dipole. The discussion proceeds similarly to the case above (for Zero Nuclear Magnetic Moments Strengthen Central Rod Magnetic South Pole). AEP - 18 May 2010 II. If the angular velocity of the say nucleus is horizontal and in the -sn direction, then the Bessler principle could cause the angular speed to increase and this would decrease the total strength of magnetic dipole. If the magnetic dipole were decreased enough, the dipole directions could change, the dipole could rotate like a compass so that its north magnetic pole again faces toward the south magnetic pole of the central rod and the angular speed could continue to increase and now the angular velocity would be in the +sn direction. AEP - 18 May 2010 Unlikely Case II. There may be some other things happening that would tend to make case II unlikely. For example, if nuclear magnetic moment is at a very fine level due to rotation of charges at a very fine level because of the intrinsic angular momentum (called spin) then there might already tend to be slight rotations of mass that would tend to cause the mass rotations according to case I to be preferred. Maybe we can pretty much ignore case II. AEP - 18 May 2010 +sn Further from Central Rod. Nuclei (or atoms or molecules) further from the central rod would by the direction of the shown magnetic fields in the illustration tend to have components of internal angular velocities in the +sn direction by the prior discussion. There would be an overlap between the electron wavefunctions and the nuclei. As the nuclei/molecules have internal angular velocity components in the +sn direction, then the surrounding electron wavefunctions would tend to have internal angular velocities components in the +sn direction. The angular velocities of the electron wavefunctions would likely lag those of the nuclei, as the overlap region in the nucleus is small. AEP - 18-27 May 2010 Swirling in Direction -sn. As these atoms/molecules (with internal angular velocities in the +sn direction) interact with the inner surface of the containing cylinder of the GEET reactor, the electron wavefunctions tend to roll over that surface of the cylinder creating a swirl angular velocity in the -sn direction, as shown in the illustration. The power from the swirl indirectly comes from the Bessler principle. Note that they have translation velocity components in the +sn direction (according to the flow of the gas) but the large rotational motion around the central rod corresponds to larger-scale angular velocities in the -sn direction. AEP - 18-27 May 2010 Increased Swirling. As the swirling begins, this throws nuclei/atoms/molecules outward to the cylinder walls. There is thus even greater pressure rolling contact (or bounces) between the electron wavefunctions in the gas vapor atoms and the electron wavefunctions of the containing cylinder. This increases the swirling motion. AEP - 18 May 2010 Motion at Inner Surface of Containing Cylinder. The contact with the swirling may be at times like a firm rolling of the atoms over the hopefully smooth inside surface of the containing cylinder. This surface (because of extra hard rolling contact needed for centripetal acceleration associated with the swirling motion) especially needs to be smooth instead of rough, to allow the rolling of the atoms, the swirling of the atoms, and allowing the nuclei to have greater internal angular speeds in their rotating nuclear ground states. In short, smooth regions on the inside surface of the containing cylinder allow the GEET reactor to be more effective. The area inside the containing cylinder is larger than the area outside the central rod. That is one reason why the smoothness inside the containing cylinder is more effective than the smoothness of the central rod. The swirling also allows the inside surface of the containing cylinder to be more effective than the central rod surface. AEP - 17 Apr 2010 - 27 May 2010 Motion at Surface of Central Rod. As a nucleus rotates slightly with angular velocity initially in the sn direction, it was mentioned above that there would be an interaction with the surrounding electron wavefunction so that the electron wavefunctions would also rotate with an angular velocity pointing in the sn direction. If there is slight almost-rolling contact between those electron wavefunctions and the surface of the central rod, this would tend to induce a swirling of angular velocity in the sn direction. Any actual swirling would make motion contact at the surface of the central rod less effective. Any swirling in the sn direction would thus be less effective than the actual swirling in the -sn direction. As implied above, the swirling in the sn direction would also be less than the actual swirling in the -sn direction due to the differences in the surface areas. Also as implied above, swirling in the sn direction might be even more reduced by making the surface of the central rod somewhat rougher than the inside surface of the containing cylinder. AEP - 17 Apr 2010 - 28 May 2010 Rotation Each Swirl. With the swirling in the direction -sn, the magnetic fields point more inward, as the atoms/molecules go further into the GEET reactor. This means that as the total nuclear/molecular magnetic dipoles point more inward, as the atoms/molecules internally rotate once per swirl around the central rod, then there would be a new type of rotation created about an internal horizontal axis of each atom/nuclei, allowing more rotational kinetic energy to be acquired by the Bessler principle. AEP - 18 May 2010 Plasma Forms. I say atoms/molecules but with increased rotational kinetic energy picked up from the Bessler principle, there would be a point where the molecules would be ripped apart, forming a plasma of separated atoms. With enough rotational kinetic energy acquired from the Bessler principle, there would eventually be a point where even the multi-nucleon nuclei could be ripped apart. The Coulomb repulsion of the positively charged nuclei would tend to prevent them from interacting. If those nuclei have the same angular frequencies there would be some electron screening in between them, but even then I suspect that there would not be enough compression of the plasma, so there should be no CRS fusion in the GEET reactor. With the swirling increasing in angular frequency, there would be rotations of the magnetic dipoles which could cause some magnetic dipole radiation to be given off. I strongly recommend that only less powerful GEET reactors be used that don't rip apart nuclei. We need oxygen to breathe. If we are thinking, we should not on a "permanent" basis convert the oxygen-16 nucleus to 16 hydrogen nuclei. AEP - 18-28 May 2010 Oxygen-16 should be fairly safe from being ripped apart in a GEET reactor, as it doesn't normally have a measurable nuclear magnetic moment. There should not be enough time for the GEET reactors to build up angular speed for oxygen-16 nuclei. Still, we need to watch that situation very carefully. AEP - 31 Jul 2010 Illustration Comments Needed More Explanation. The illustration(s) said "The initial remnant magnetic field deflects the ionized vapours into a vortex." I think that it is not a complete explanation. That explanation would somewhat work for the positive nuclei themselves, with forces F=qvXB but there would be essentially equal and opposite forces applied to the attached electrons because they have opposite charges, q (for the same average velocities, v, and the same magnetic fields, B). The atoms would not be in a plasma form, prior to acquiring energy. The force F=qvXB is often thought as conservative with respect to energy production. It just redirects the motion of charges. Something more would be needed to explain where the produced energy comes from. I think that the Bessler principle source of energy is needed for a more complete explanation. AEP - 27-28 May 2010 Swirl Slow Down. After the region of greatest swirling and plasma associated with the inward pointing magnetic fields, there is then a region of horizontal magnetic fields with the magnetic B fields pointing more in the -sn direction. This region would have a great braking effect on the angular speed of the nuclei, first, as it would cause the rotating nuclear-ground-states to reverse their angular velocities (somewhat like a compass turning) so that they point somewhat more in the direction of -sn. Any plasma electrons would also somewhat tend to rotate with a -sn angular velocity around the nuclei because of free electron wavefunction overlap with the rotating nuclear ground-states. The electrons come and go as they are in a plasma state but they linger as they come and go. Second, as the electrons tend to rotate with the same angular velocities (in the -sn direction) as the rotating nuclear-ground-states, then the prior swirling motion would be reduced. The prior swirling motion would cause the surrounding electron wavefunctions to interact with the inside container walls so as to produce rotations to slow down the swirling. AEP - 19,28 May 2010 More Slow Down. Then the nuclei, etc. would proceed to a region of the GEET reactor in which the magnetic B fields would be pointing more radially outward but with a smaller amount of a B field component (and their angular velocities) in the -sn direction. The -sn components would continue the process of slowing down the swirling motions. What swirling exists still would throw the atoms or partially ionized atoms against the inner wall of the containing cylinder which would continue the process of swirling slow down. That would tend to frictionally fight against energy pickup via the Bessler principle. Radial outward components of the magnetic fields would cause the magnetic dipoles to rotate once per swirl. Rotating magnetic dipoles would send off radiation due to the rotating magnetic dipoles. Nuclei with smaller angular speeds would not pick up as much energy from the Bessler principle. AEP - 19,28 May 2010, 2 Aug 2010 Radiation Released. Besides the plasma states, radiation should also be sent out of the GEET reactor because of the rotating magnetic dipoles that were in it. The entrance and exit ends of the GEET reactor are relatively cooler than the portions where the swirling is the greatest. AEP - 19 May 2010 Understand Illustration. One should now be able to understand the illustration after considering this basic discussion of how and why the basic phenomena exist. I have been trying to paint a picture of basically what is going on in the GEET reactor. Others may need to fill in details or correct any mistakes that I have made. I am trying to correct my own conceptual errors, if I can see them. AEP - 19-28 May 2010 Here are more comments related to the GEET reactor. AEP - 26 May 2010 Temperatures. The nuclei could acquire large angular speeds via the Bessler principle. The nuclei in the middle of the GEET reactor could be considered to be rotationally very high in temperature. Translation kinetically they would not be especially high in temperature. These modes of kinetic energy storage are physically separate though the modes have an effect on one another. The middle of the GEET reactor would be thermally or radiantly the least exposed to the cold ends of the GEET reactor. Photons could bounce around in the middle of the reactor with some bouncing enough times that they leak out the ends. AEP - 30 Apr 2010, 28 May 2010 Plasma from Molecules. Some molecules could be given an internal angular speed by the Bessler principle. Even some somewhat long molecules can be rotated about their axis, as long as the molecules are not too long, are not too strong, and are not interwoven with other long molecules. An atom (and its nucleus) within such a molecule would have roughly the same internal angular velocity as the internal angular velocity of the molecule. With the molecules being broken apart into atoms, the procedure could continue by energy input from the Bessler principle to create a plasma out of enough rapidly rotating atoms. AEP - 30 Apr 2010 Plasma from Atoms. With large angular speeds of the nuclear ground states, this would (by the overlap between the electron wavefunctions and the nuclei) cause the atomic electron wavefunction ground states to acquire large angular speeds. The internal angular speed of the electron wavefunctions might not be quite as large as the that of the nuclear ground state within. That would be the situation if an electron does not contain opposite charges within and thus not be able to acquire extra angular speed according to the Bessler principle. If the angular speeds of the nuclear ground state were to become large enough by the Bessler principle, this would cause the electron ground state wavefunctions to be deformed so much that they would be in essence be ripped away. An electron or electrons could be removed from the atom. With enough electrons being removed from their atoms, a plasma state could be created. AEP - 30 Apr 2010 Electrons Contain Opposite Charges. I suspect that electrons contain opposite charges within them. See Gravity.txt for some discussion of opposite charges within matter. An electron having fine opposite charges within could account for internal wave-like interference of an electron with itself. Think of a two slit diffraction pattern produced by one electron at a time going through the slits. That could account for the wave-particle duality of electrons and other matter. AEP - 2 Aug 2010 Ripping Apart Nuclei. The process of increasing the rotation of highly rotating nuclear ground states may be continued in a GEET reactor. Multi-nucleon nuclei can have their nuclear ground states rotated so rapidly that the nuclei are broken up into smaller nuclei. The process can be continued until the only surviving nuclei are protons or the nucleus of individual hydrogen atoms. The process is continued with these conditions: (1) the length of the GEET reactor is long enough, (2) the diameter of the containing cylinder is small enough relative to the length of the reactor (so that there is relatively little cold from the ends of the reactor exposed to the center of the reactor), (3) the GEET reactor is bathed with a high enough temperature from the outside (usually provided with another containing cylinder on the outside with exhaust gases from the combustion engine flowing in direction opposite to the direction of the innermost input gases), (4) the material for the rod and containing cylinders are sufficiently ferromagnetic, (5) the material for the rod and containing cylinders have a sufficiently high melting point, (6) the central rod and the containing cylinders reflect photons produced sufficiently well that the energy is not absorbed into that material, (7) the containing cylinders are sufficiently smooth, and (8) the walls are sufficiently thick so as not to be damaged at the center of the reactor. AEP - 30 Apr 2010, 28 May 2010 Material Selection. It may be a good idea to use much cobalt in the iron/steel used for the central rod and containing cylinder to be ferromagnetic. The 100% natural abundant Co59 has a nuclear magnetic moment of +4.649 nuclear magnetons. See p. B-263 of CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 52th Ed 1971-1972. One could use a steel made with small meteorites collected using a magnet from black sand found in say dry washes. AEP - 30 Apr 2010, 28 May 2010 GEET Within GEET. With hot exhaust gas coming back from the combustion engine to surround the GEET reactor with another containing cylinder (with the gas flowing in the opposite direction from the original gas), there would almost be a GEET reactor containing a GEET reactor with respect to the analysis. There would be many water vapor molecules in the returning exhaust gas. The original inner GEET reactor could be considered as a new central "rod" with respect to analysis for that situation. AEP - 30 Apr 2010 Generally Do Not Rip Nuclei Apart. It is advised for the sake of the environment that the GEET reactor not be operated so that it rips apart nuclei. We humans breathe oxygen and thus any process that "permanently" transforms oxygen-16 into 16 hydrogen atoms should be greatly avoided. Oxygen would also be depleted from our atmosphere (by forming water) if we combined it with hydrogen produced by breaking apart various large nuclei. Many other reasons can be given for not breaking apart larger nuclei into smaller nuclei on a "permanent" basis, according to the usefulness of each of those larger nuclei. The hydrogen nuclei can in principle be combined back together but I am not aware of practical means for doing so on a large volume or production rate basis. Deuterium (meaning heavy hydrogen with its nucleus consisting of a proton and a neutron) can be combined with another deuterium to produce helium-4 in "cold" fusion reactions under pressure with special confining conditions and with sufficiently high temperature. See for example, "Some Thoughts on a Simple Mechanism for the 2H + 2H -> 4He Cold Fusion Reaction" by Alden E. Park, Fusion Technology, American Nuclear Society, Vol. 24, No. 3, November 1993, pp. 319-323. The Bessler principle can be used to create highly rotating nuclear ground states of deuterium which can be combined to form highly rotating nuclear ground states of helium-4 which will give off a large amount of heat, as it rotates down to normal rotationally cold helium. That is only one fusion reaction and there are very large numbers of such fusion reactions that would be needed. Such fusion reactions are not even yet in their infancy from a practical standpoint. It might be considered best to leave such fusion reactions to rapidly rotating stars that can simultaneously apply large amounts of pressure, large enough temperature, and large enough rotation (for CRS fusion). I think that we on this Earth should currently avoid the wholesale ripping apart of nuclei without well developed plans for how to put them back together. Maybe we could, under the special cases of reducing dangerous radioactivity, rotate such problem nuclei rapidly enough to remove the radioactivity, but even then we should avoid ripping the nuclei apart, if at all possible. Such elements may be found to be quite valuable in the future and they may be difficult to reconstruct. AEP - 30 Apr 2010 - 28 May 2010 Use GEET/Papp on Closed Gas Systems. If we are using a GEET reactor on an open system of gases, we might unknowingly be ripping apart nuclei in a way that is not good for our environment. I recommend (initially according to the kindness of people's hearts and later possibly for their economic benefit) that GEET reactors only be used on closed systems of gases/liquids to make sure that we are not ripping apart nuclei. An advantage of doing this would be that one would not need to refuel (say with ordinary water), as the fuel is just reused over and over again. It should be more convenient to use such a system. Such GEET reactor and combustion systems could run an extremely long time before enough water vapor leaks out of the system requiring water to be added. There might need to be a battery to get things going. The battery could be recharged using a running system. One would not need to deal with dangerous-explosive hydrocarbon vapors to get such a system running. A cooling system might be avoided, if we primarily feed the combustion water vapor back into the GEET reactor for molecular breakdown. A simpler solution should be to instead use properly working Papp-like engines on closed gas systems (without requiring a cooling system) under proper operating conditions to make sure that we are not ripping nuclei apart. With no oxygen being used in a properly-improved rotationally-moderated Papp-like engine (using ordinary hydrogen and the Bessler principle, as its graviton "fuel" source), there should be no concern about ripping apart oxygen nuclei. AEP - 30 Apr 2010 - 2 May 2010 Reduce GEET Capabilities. It should be possible to cut back on the capabilities of the GEET reactors so that they only rip apart molecules and not do any ripping apart of any nuclei. This would be much more environmentally friendly. There would need to be much more care taken in the design of the GEET reactors but I think that the GEET reactor designers should take that as a challenge so as not to deplete oxygen from our environment. The GEET reactors might not be as long (and/or they might have larger diameters) so that their hottest centers have more radiative exposure to the outside colder temperatures (or lack of radiation thereof). I suggest that people using GEET gas begin to consider using more of the ideas for running Papp-like engines if they want to be more productive and more environmentally friendly. AEP - 9 Apr 2010 - 1 May 2010 GEET Neutralizing Radioactivity. The GEET reactor operating under proper conditions might be able to treat heavy long-life radioactive-waste isotopes (that is if we can figure our a way to put some of this material into a gas vapor). This treated material should be friendly to the environment by neutralizing dangerous radiations coming off from them. So as to avoid the situation of just ripping apart the nuclei and creating too much hydrogen and heat, it may be possible to decrease the transition time with better decay modes so as to reduce many of such nuclei into stable nuclei out of the problematic or unwanted long life nuclear wastes. The operating temperatures and rotational speeds would need to not be too high so as not to break apart nuclei. Assuming one could obtain vapor with plutonium in it, I do not recommend breaking apart highly rotating nuclear ground states of long half-life radioactive plutonium (Z=94 Pu244). Rather I suspect that it would be best to somewhat rotate such nuclear ground states so that they could be slightly deformed, without ripping them apart, then they might be transformed into a form that is radioactively neutral or rather stable. We would so solve the radiation problem and retain the option of ripping the nuclei apart at some future time (within a more powerful GEET reactor) if that is really desired. To just be careful in case there is any fission going on and a great amount of heat released, one should reduce the concentration of the plutonium in the gas being treated. Any fission (which we should avoid) could also produce rotating neutrons that should rapidly transform to rotating protons, etc. In the new energy age, we should not need such fission to produce energy. There will be simpler methods such as using the Papp-like engines. A short trip through a GEET reactor (or several short trips through GEET reactors) might distort the nuclear ground states of many long half-life radioactive nuclei enough so that they could rapidly change to non-radioactive nuclei, say giving up alpha particles (helium) and electrons to form a stable state of lead. In other words, the decay rates of highly rotating nuclear ground states may be much different from their normal small internal angular speed versions. The rapidly rotating nuclear ground states would correspond to rotational extremely high temperatures based on their large internal rotational speeds (but translation low temperatures based on the linear speeds). I think that would be an environmentally preferable way to reduce radioactivity. AEP - 9 Apr 2010 - 3 May 2010 GEET Skeptics Wrong. I saw on the Internet a skeptical video of the GEET engine. I think people should not make fun of such things in ignorance or based upon very partial understanding of the physics. We should not rush to judgment too quickly and say that certain things are not possible (denying the evidence without careful consideration of the situation). For example, a rapidly rotating nuclear ground state might have a very different sort of magnetic property, if it is possible to somehow create a stable version of it (with physically different internal relationships because, after it comes to rotational/thermal equilibrium with its surrounding). It could act like a "new" element. It might not actually be a new element but it might be a new undiscovered form of an element with different properties. We just need to carefully consider the evidence and suggest new tests. People should not make fun of Paul Pantone, as he may be much closer to the truth than his critics. Please don't laugh at new discoveries of Paul Pantone as the GEET rector deals with fundamentally different physical rotations and so we might expect new discoveries in such a new domain. AEP - 9 Apr 2010 - 1 May 2010 Implosions. People should not make skeptical comments implying that an implosion is impossible. I may not know what would be going on, but that shouldn't stop me from using my imagination and coming up with speculative possibilities (so that we can test out the possibilities experimentally). We might for example have a gas containing highly rotating nuclear ground states of hydrogen, with many angular velocities in a horizontal direction. If such a gas is given a spark, then this could upset their rotational direction and cause them to rotationally cool off, as they no longer continue to rotate so much about horizontal axes and many nuclei not pick up as much power from the two-part electromagnetic gravitons. I suspect that that is not the case as such a state before the spark would produce much power and as there apparently was water vapor produced (so it is likely not a backwards Papp engine explosion). Here is another speculation about an implosion. We could have three molecules going into two molecules with the reaction OO + 2HH -> 2HHO which would be roughly a three to two implosion. Here is another possible speculation about the implosion reaction. Because within the GEET reactor plasma all the molecules were broken apart, this might include the OO molecule being 2O and the HH molecule being 2H so a reaction 2O + 4H -> 2HHO would mean six atoms being combined to powerfully and readily form two molecules of water. That would obviously be an implosion type of reaction keeping the ideal gas equation pV=nRT in mind. If we reduce n by a factor of three, then for "instantaneously" the same volume (V), the pressure (p) would decrease by about a factor of three if the temperature (T) does not go up too much, where R is a constant. That sounds like an implosion to me. Even if some of the oxygen atoms had combined to form oxygen molecules or even if some of the hydrogen atoms had combined to form hydrogen molecules, there could still be implosions. Here is another speculation about implosion. If hydrogen produced from a GEET reactor is combined with oxygen from outside air, then OO + 4H -> 2HHO. That would be five molecules going into two molecules or a type of implosion during the reaction. Energy might be used up in breaking up the OO oxygen molecules and some energy might be stored in rotating or more stretched out versions of water meaning HHO. Some rotations left over from the GEET reactor might assist in the forming of such water molecules. AEP - 9 Apr 2010 - 1 May 2010 Do Not Deny Experimental Evidence. Many of these things are in their infancy so we really need to let time and experimental evidence tell what is really going on. We should not be so quick to dismiss the experimental results as impossible. The denial of experimental evidence regarding the Bessler principle has been a persistent theme that has been repeated many times since at least as far back as the time of Bessler's first (Gera) wheel in 1712. AEP - 1,28 May 2010 ------- Letter to Editor. I sent a letter to the Editor of IE on 25 Oct 2003 "Rotating Nuclei May Explain Papp Engine" and the first part of the letter was printed on p. 4 of Issue 53 in 2004. The last portion which more specifically addressed what I now refer to as the Bessler principle did not get printed. AEP - 3 Apr 2010 I again sent another letter to the Editor of IE on 13 Feb 2004 "Solar Corona Solution Solves Other Mysteries". It discussed what I now call the Bessler principle. It made reference to solutions to a number of mysteries including the Papp engine. The letter was apparently not published by IE. AEP - 3 Apr 2010 Paper. I submitted a paper "Observations and Tests of the Bessler Principle" dated 7 Nov 2009 to IE. On 15 Feb 2010, it was not accepted for publication. I submitted it again after making some changes on 16 Feb 2010. AEP - 3 Apr 2010 Ignored Bessler Principle. If people continue to ignore a fundamental property of the wheel, then there will be even more sorts of manifestations of it popping out of the woodwork. The evidence for it (such as in the Papp-like engines or in GEET reactors) will just keep increasing, until it should be quite obvious that there is a Bessler principle that is a fundamental friction masked mechanical or electro-mechanical property of every wheel rotating about a horizontal axis. 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